Even though the uncertainties thrive, the impending GDP and electricity consumption trends are uncertain in the longer term (IEA 2020a Dorn et al. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the demand for energy might fall in 2020 for oil (− 9%), coal (− 8%), natural gas (− 5%), and nuclear (− 2%), while that for renewables might rise 1%. The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 radically altered the global demand for energy (Abiad and Rosa Mia Dagli 2020). Moreover, the burning of fossil fuels emits greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, the key reason behind climate change and global warming. The prices of fossil fuels have risen intensely, and this would continue due to consumer demand and falling reserves. Notably, fossil fuel reserves are likely to drain off progressively in the coming years (Kadiri et al. Moreover, the share of other resources like natural gas, nuclear, and oil rose swiftly. Conversely, in 2018, share in electricity production altered radically in some areas for example, electricity produced by coal decreased by around 50% over 2017, and the share in renewable energy decreased by 3% (Newell et al. In 2017, production of electricity from various other sources decreased: oil 32.0%, coal 27.1%, natural gas 22.2%, renewable energy 13.80%, and nuclear 4.9% (Fig. The demand for energy worldwide is primarily met by fossil fuels like natural gas, oil, and coal that accounted for 88.1% of the overall demand for energy in 2009 (oil 34.8%, coal 29.2%, and natural gas 24.1%) (Kadiri et al. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the share of demand accounted by electrical energy rose considerably during 1990–2017, with electrical energy accounting for around 40% of the total energy utilised in 1990 and that number being expected to rise to 50% in 2030 (Jeffrey 2017). The global demand for electrical energy has quickly risen in the modern times. This study discusses the present trends, ecological effects, and the prospects for technology related to tidal energy. Tidal barrages could channel mechanical energy, while tidewater river turbines can seize the energy from tidal currents. The energy mined from the tides on the basis of steady and anticipated vertical movements of the water, causing tidal currents, could be converted into kinetic energy to produce electricity. Notably, tidal energy exhibits great potential with regard to its dependability, superior energy density, certainty, and durability. These include thermal, solar photovoltaic, biomass and wind, tidal energy, hydropower, and geothermal. Many resources of renewable energy are available. This needs to happen in conjunction with the continuing increase in the overall consumption of energy worldwide. An efficient alternative to this grave hazard is the speedy substitution of fossil fuel-based carbon energy sources with the shift to clean sources of renewable energy that cause zero emissions. Consequently, climate change, air contamination, and energy security issues are rising as well. The burning of these fuels is growing in line with the increase in the demand for energy globally. One of the disadvantages of tidal power is that it only generates electricity during ebb or flood tides and might miss the times of peak electrical demand in nearby communities.Generation of energy across the world is today reliant majorly on fossil fuels. Newer tidal power generators are generally underwater, so equipment has less of a visual impact compared to wind turbines, which are often set on hills and are sometimes criticized for spoiling scenic landscapes. 6.17 C) to reduce environmental impacts and allow local boat traffic. Newer tidal power stations use individual turbines fully submerged beneath the water surface (SF Fig. ![]() ![]() These tidal barrages contain fan-like turbines that generate electricity when they are turned by moving water. The first tidal power stations were built in the 1960s as “barrages†or dam-like structures across coastal inlets with high tidal ranges (SF Fig. Tidal power transforms the energy of tidal currents into electricity. ![]() Other sources of renewable energy like wind and solar power are less dependable because they can be affected by the weather. This feature makes tidal cycling an attractive source of renewable energy. The rise and fall of water due to tides is a predictable and reliable phenomenon. Image courtesy of Gflet, Wikimedia Commons
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